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Subspace topology : ウィキペディア英語版
Subspace topology
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a subspace of a topological space ''X'' is a subset ''S'' of ''X'' which is equipped with a topology induced from that of ''X'' called the subspace topology (or the relative topology, or the induced topology, or the trace topology).
== Definition ==

Given a topological space (X, \tau) and a subset S of X, the subspace topology on S is defined by
:\tau_S = \lbrace S \cap U \mid U \in \tau \rbrace.
That is, a subset of S is open in the subspace topology if and only if it is the intersection of S with an open set in (X, \tau). If S is equipped with the subspace topology then it is a topological space in its own right, and is called a subspace of (X, \tau). Subsets of topological spaces are usually assumed to be equipped with the subspace topology unless otherwise stated.
Alternatively we can define the subspace topology for a subset S of X as the coarsest topology for which the inclusion map
:\iota: S \hookrightarrow X
is continuous.
More generally, suppose \iota is an injection from a set S to a topological space X. Then the subspace topology on S is defined as the coarsest topology for which \iota is continuous. The open sets in this topology are precisely the ones of the form \iota^(U) for U open in X. S is then homeomorphic to its image in X (also with the subspace topology) and \iota is called a topological embedding.
A subspace S is called an open subspace if the injection \iota is an open map, i.e., if the forward image of an open set of S is open in X. Likewise it is called a closed subspace if the injection \iota is a closed map.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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